Contents

• 1. In the beginning
  • 1.1 Before I knew the word `neural network' ...
  • 1.2 Mathematics and neural networks ...
  • 1.3 Moving pictures and temporality in neural networks
  • 1.4 Making movies
  • 1.5 The performance of a simple neural network
  • 1.6 On and over the borders of this work
  • 1.7 Mathematics and Steven Grossberg
  • 1.8 To quote or not to quote, and ethics
  • 1.9 Language, speech, and short term memory
  • 1.10 Freud on dreams and Lacan on Freud
  • 1.11 The inborn, the instinctive, and aeroplanes
  • 1.12 Gnosiology
  • 1.13 Noise and instability
  • 1.14 My aim: the ultimate prove
  • 1.15 The number of neurons needed
  
  
• 2. Metaphorical introduction to immanent neural networks
  • 2.1 What a neural network learns how and when
  • 2.2 Excitation, activation, depression, inhibition
  • 2.3 Non-linear activation
  • 2.4 Memory traces
  • 2.5 From memory traces to activation patterns
  • 2.6 Transcendent and immanent neurons
  • 2.7 Self-desensitizing, and inhibitory neurons
  • 2.8 Neural activity distribution during sleep?
  • 2.9 Pattern completion and regularity detection
  • 2.10 Learning bit by bit
  • 2.11 One pattern at a time in distributed representations
  
  
• 3. Network instability control
  • 3.1 For each known pattern a stable state of activation
  • 3.2 Distributed representation in mathematical terms
  • 3.3 Stable instability by neural exhaustion
  • 3.4 Stable instability by a deaf master of neurons
  • 3.5 Stable instability by a bounding mechanism
  • 3.6 Stable instability by phased activation bounding
  • 3.7 Stable instability by phased instability bounding
  • 3.8 What to do with bounding mechanisms in this book
  
  
• 4. The attention mechanism
  • 4.1 A small, biologically fixed, neural hierarchy
  • 4.2 What a pattern associator does
  • 4.3 Mathematics of adjusting neural sensitivity
  • 4.4 Learning the past tense of verbs
  • 4.5 From pattern associator to auto-associator
  • 4.6 Activation patterns of movement
  • 4.7 Principles of neural attention
  • 4.8 The mirroring mechanism
  • 4.9 Grossberg's Adaptive Resonance Theory
  • 4.10 Error back-propagation through mirroring
  • 4.11 The attention mechanism as teacher
  • 4.12 Memory through reconstruction and the structuration of reality
  • 4.13 Vulnerability and fault-tolerance of immanent neural networks
  • 4.14 Images versus activation patterns
  • 4.15 Neural activity bounding by attention
  • 4.16 Immanization by attention
  • 4.17 Neural layers
  • 4.18 Cortical clues
  • 4.19 A small hierarchy of lower level attention mechanisms
  • 4.20 The hippocampus & anterograde amnesia
  • 4.21 Reptile and bird brains
  • 4.22 Manic-depressive syndrome
  • 4.23 Attention versus immanization
  • 4.24 Double work
  • 4.25 Attention versus focusing
  • 4.26 Attention versus `` top-down processing''
  • 4.27 Connectionism versus cognitivism
  • 4.28 Positive and negative neural activation
  
  
• 5. Multiple and meta attention
  • 5.1 The five-elements attention pattern
  • 5.2 Some thought experiments
  • 5.3 Deconstruction, construction, sensory, and attention patterns
  • 5.4 Reproductive versus productive patterns
  • 5.5 Meaning patterns
  • 5.6 Reconstruction versus recognition
  • 5.7 The programming mechanism and the planning mechanism
  • 5.8 Possible implementation of the programming mechanism
  • 5.9 Meaning, metaphor, and metonymy
  • 5.10 Lexical attention
  • 5.11 Bottom-bottom attention
  
  
• 6. The content of attentional neural machines
  • 6.1 Temporality and recurrence of images
  • 6.2 Non-temporal sources of temporal images
  • 6.3 A neural network as a multidimensional system
  • 6.4 Biological versus logical neural hierarchy
  • 6.5 ``Gathering structures'' in stead of ``hierarchical structures''
  • 6.6 Objective non-intelligibility of subjective experiences
  • 6.7 Parts and whole without a homunculus
  • 6.8 Temporal neural activation hierarchies within the biologically fixed neural hierarchy
  • 6.9 The attention mechanism as an association mechanism
  • 6.10 Zooming, spatiality, and parts and wholes
  • 6.11 Attentional activation hierarchies versus distinctions
  • 6.12 Mixing attentional hierarchies of things
  • 6.13 Attention and temporality
  • 6.14 Non-hierarchical consciousness despite neural activation hierarchies
  • 6.15 Background knowledge
  • 6.16 Connecting instinct and intellect
  • 6.17 The girl who couldn't act
  
  
• 7. Multiple abstraction theory
  • 7.1 Metasystemica, immanence, and reference
  • 7.2 Being subject and being object
  • 7.3 Interpretations versus systems versus images versus content
  • 7.4 Images versus interpretations
  • 7.5 Kinds of relations between systems or interpretations
  • 7.6 How we think about systems
  • 7.7 It and us
  • 7.8 Human society as a single neural network
  • 7.9 The world sensing itself in us
  • 7.10 From if-then to causality with regard to consciousness
  • 7.11 Explaining consciousness versus reductionism
  • 7.12 Multi abstraction theory
  • 7.13 The real versus reality
  • 7.14 Kotarbiñski on objective, subjective, and relative interpretation
  • 7.15 The objective, material, and energetic interpretation
  • 7.16 Reference as mirroring
  • 7.17 The subjective interpretation
  • 7.18 Scientific theories and the status of objectivity
  • 7.19 Images
  • 7.20 Temporal versus static interpretation
  • 7.21 Kotarbiñski on gnosiology
  • 7.22 Thinking from within a number of interpretations
  • 7.23 Subjectively transcendent and immanent images
  • 7.24 The possibilities interpretation
  • 7.25 Biologically immanent neurons
  • 7.26 English versus Dutch with regard to spatial metaphors
  • 7.27 Movies and consciousness
  
  
• 8. Motor systems
  • 8.1 Imagination versus action
  • 8.2 Brain anatomy
  • 8.3 Planning and background activation
  • 8.4 Immanizing motor action
  • 8.5 Connecting neurons to muscles to sensors to neurons
  • 8.6 To act
  • 8.7 Temporal feedback through basal ganglia
  • 8.8 Doing something else
  • 8.9 Creativity through adding noise to a neural network
  • 8.10 To do
  
  
• 9. Foregrounding and Consciousness
  • 9.1 Foregrounding and temporalization
  • 9.2 Foreground, background
  • 9.3 Reference, immanence and transcendence
  • 9.4 Temporality by memory-trick
  • 9.5 Temporality in movies and television programs
  • 9.6 Transcendence and the foregrounded image as a mixture of five
  • 9.7 Consciousness as a possibility
  • 9.8 Self-consciousness and possibilities
  • 9.9 Students knowing less after being lectured
  • 9.10 Punctuation
  • 9.11 Identification
  • 9.12 Images in neural hierarchy versus images in time
  • 9.13 Consciousness versus subconsciousness
  • 9.14 Intuition, transfer, and meaning
  • 9.15 Consciousness
  
  
• Bibliography
• Index